2021 provided an interesting landscape for fixed income. At the start of the year, the Bank of England were preparing banks for the possibility of negative interest rates. However, as the year progressed and inflation spiked, it became clear that increases were much more likely. After widening in 2020, credit spreads (the difference in yield between a government bond and a corporate bond of the same maturity) generally narrowed to return to below pre-pandemic levels. This could be seen as an indication of improved confidence in corporates’ recovery from the pandemic and creditworthiness, as investors demand less of a yield from corporate debt, relative to government debt.
The Bloomberg Global Aggregate Bond index returned -3.83% for the year as returns on both government and corporate bonds were lacklustre. With inflation exceeding expectations, most inflation-linked bonds had better results. The Bloomberg World Government Index-Linked 1-10Yr Hedged GBP index return for the year was 5.44%.
Although in comparison to equities, it wasn’t the year for fixed income, and rising inflation has caused some to question their current position in portfolios, they remain a valuable diversifier. Fixed income isn’t expected to be the biggest driver of long term returns but by having a spread of different issuers, types of bond, and maturity, even in the current environment, there can be return opportunities while helping to reduce portfolio risk.
UK commercial property proved a good diversifier for portfolios, with strong returns and relatively low correlation to equity and bond markets. Other assets that had a good year included commodities and, for those who could stomach significant volatility, crypto assets. However, the latter did once again prove why they’re not yet suitable for most investors looking for long term returns. You can read what we had to say on cryptocurrencies in 2021 here. It was also the year when so-called meme stocks made an impact with the now household name, Gamestop, neatly demonstrating the opportunities such stocks have for some but also the significant risks and losses that many can fall foul to.
2021 also saw an increased interest in sustainable solutions. You can read what we had to say on sustainable and ESG investing in 2021 here.
With nuclear talks with Iran in limbo, ongoing tension with China’s views on Taiwan and the South China Sea, and Putin looking to antagonise, the geopolitical landscape for 2022 is one that has potential for a few unnerving moments along the way. Although, with the focus of the Winter Olympics, the desire to stabilise economic growth and Xi Jinping’s expected bid for a third term later in the year, China may not be the largest cause of uncertainty in the short term.
Common views on themes for the year seem to be emerging. Interest rates increases, value over growth, transitory inflation, overvalued US stocks, undervalued UK stocks and overall a positive, albeit likely bumpy year for equities, all make the list. While we don’t take up a contrary position to these, consensus among market participants is rarely reassuring. As we venture into what will hopefully become a post-pandemic world, it’s worth remembering that a diversified approach can provide reassurance for long term returns even with market uncertainty along the way.
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